PEDAL POWERED CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

ABSTRACT

         

The objective of this paper was to design, fabricate and experimentally investigate the working of Pedal Powered Centrifugal Pump which used in small drinking water supply and garden irrigation.  Pedal Powered Centrifugal Pump consists of a centrifugal pump operated by pedal power. The centrifugal pump is positioned on its stand in such a way that driven shaft of the centrifugal pump is butted to the bicycle wheel. By pedaling the bicycle, the bicycle wheel rotates, thereby rotating the centrifugal pump which in turns discharges water from the sump.  Pedal Powered Centrifugal Pump provides drinking water and irrigation in remote areas where electricity is not available. Pedal Powered Centrifugal Pump is not only free from pollution but also provide healthy exercise. The experimental investigation was executed and performance of the Pedal Powered Centrifugal Pump was carried out at different rpm. The results indicate that the Pedal Powered Centrifugal Pump had given a considerable amount of discharge and head. The Pedal Powered Centrifugal Pump requires only manual power thereby reducing the utility bill considerably. Experimental result shows that discharge of about 0.0019/sec can be obtained for around 140rpm.

TABLE OF CONENTS

CHAPTER       TITLE                                                                                  PAGE   

      NO.                                                                                                               NO.            

                       

                       ABSTRACT                                                                                  4

                  LIST OF FIGURES                                                                          9

     1          INTRODUCTION

1.1          Intention of the project                                         1      

                     1.2    Alternative                                                             1

   1.3    Need For Non-Conventional

   Energy Source                                                       3

1.3.1   Primary Energy Sources                              3

1.3.2   Secondary Fuels                                            3

1.3.3   World Energy Future                                   4

                       1.4     Need for Non-Conventional Energy                   5

     2            LITERATURE REVIEW                                                                                    

                       2.1     Utilization of Human Power                              7

                             2.1.1   Available power                                           7

                              2.1.2   Human Powered Transport                        8

                              2.1.3 Human Powered Equipment                      16

                                      2.1.3.1 Survival Radio                                      9

                                      2.1.3.2 Windup Radio                                    10

                                      2.1.3.3 Pedal-powered transmitter               11

                              2.1.4 Human Power: Pedaling                           11

                                2.1.5 Pedal Power Used in generation

                                         of electricity                                                    15

  

     3            METHODOLOGY   

3.1           Working principle                                           17

 3.2    Description                                                       18

 

                          3.3       Components                                                    19

                                  3.3.1 Bicycle                                                      19

                                          3.3.1.1 Understanding bicycle spare 

                                                     Parts and their functions             19  

                                 3.3.2 Centrifugal Pump                                   21      

                                            3.3.2.1 Generation of Centrifugal

                                                      Force                                             21

                                         3.3.2.2 Conversion of Kinetic Energy

                                                       To Pressure Energy                    22

                                         3.3.2.3 Components                                   23

  

                         3.4        Cycle                                                                27

                          3.5       Centrifugal pump                                            27

                         3.6        Assembly                                                         29

  

    4             RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

                            4.1     Advantages                                                      30

    5             SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

                            5.1     Conclusion                                                       31

                   REFERENCES                                                                 32

LIST OF FIGURES

                         FIGURES                                                  PAGE NO.

      Fig.1 Human Power Output Pedaling Power                                       13

 Fig. 2 Rotor speed at pedal speed 12 rotations per second                  14

      Fig. 3 Rectifier voltage at pedal speed 12 rotations per second           15

 Fig. 4 Inverter voltage at pedal speed 12 rotations per second            15

 Fig. 5 Voltage output at pedal speed 12 rotations per second              16

      Fig. 6 Current output at pedal speed 12 rotations per second             16

      Fig. 7 Centrifugal pump                                                                           22

      Fig. 8 Experiment layout                                                                          28

 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Intention of the project

There are so many electrical gadgets that came to influence in the existing world. Their operation are based on usual electrical energy. At the present sense electricity are produced by burning fossil fuels. Its known fact the fossil fuels can exceed only for a certain period after that we have to go for a change to other methods. Thus we humans are been forced to find an alternation source of energy. In that case we have made an attempt to design and fabricate an ultimate system which would produce effective result than the existing system. This will be very useful to the future needs of the world. By the end of the 2030, fuel deposit in the world will be completely depleted.

1.2 Alternative

To avoid this type of problem we need other type of energy sources like non- conventional energy sources. The production of electricity has been intimately associated with the progress of civilization. The conservation of today is the result of the accumulation of many years of pioneer research and development. In the modern trend electrical gadgets have certain disadvantages soon as fuel cost relative to pollution and less efficiency.

Since the last two decades the judiciary and policy makers all over the world are deeply concerned about the urgent need for protection of the environment, ecology and humanity at the large, there has been a steep rise in the accumulation of greenhouse gases particularly〖 CO〗_2, which effect global changes in weather. House hold products contribute to about 15% of CO_2 from all source. So to satisfy and overcome these two problems namely pollution, have a need for a change in the existing alternative system which can produce higher advantage at minimum cost was though about an attempt has been made to design and fabricate such an alternating system.

So this project “Pedal Powered Centrifugal Pump” is very much useful, since it is provided with good quality of power sources and simple operation mechanism. “Each And Every Drop of Fuel Saves Our Economy and Meet the Needs” is the saturated point that is to be attained as soon as possible. This power, the alternate power must be much more convenient in production and usage.

The next important reason for this project is that it provides a healthy exercise to the one who operates it. The pedaling operation burns calories to the same extent to that of long walking. Its designing is very simple and less is calculation is required.

 

1.3 NEED FOR NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES

Energy is the primary and most universal measure of all kind of work by human beings and nature. Everything what happened in the world is the expression of flow of energy for input to the bodies or the machines and thinks about crude and electric power. The energy source available can be divided into three types:-

Primary Energy Sources:

Primary energy sources can be defined as source, which provide a net energy. Coal, oil, uranium, are example of this types. The energy required to obtain this fuel is much less that what they can produce by combustion on nuclear reaction. Their energy yield ratio is defined as the energy feedback by the material to energy received from the environment becomes very essential to use these sparingly. Primary fuels contribute concededly to the energy supply.

Secondary Fuels:

It produces no net energy through it may net energy yield ratio and those highest investment in terms of energy. Insulation is an example for this source.

Coal, natural gas, oil and nuclear energy using Breeder reactor are net energy yielder and are primary source of energy. Secondary source like solar energy, wind energy, water energy etc. solar energy can be used through plants, solar cell and solar heater. Solar tower is an emerging technology. Solar drier and solar heater are economical application when passive methods are used. Because of dilute nature of the solar energy it is difficult to classify the sources as primary one.

Tidal wave and hydroelectric application, geo thermal and ocean thermal are other sources, which may well prove worthwhile. It may be necessary in the future to develop the secondary sources like solar, wind and by human pedaling.

Energy is an important input in all sectors of any country economy. The standard of a given country can be directly related to per capital energy consumption. Energy crisis is due to two reasons first the increase of population and the second is the standard of living of human increased.

The supply of oil will fail to meet the increasing demand before the year 2020 even if energy crisis rise 50% above current levels in real terms. Additional conservation on oil production will hasten this shortage, thereby reducing the time availability for action on alternative.

Electricity from nuclear power is capable of making an important contribution to the global energy supply although worldwide acceptance of it, on a sufficient large scales yet to be established. Fusion power will not be sufficient before the end of 2020.

World Energy Future:

If present trend continues, the world in the year 2020 A.D. will be more crowded than that of today. The world population may reach 10 billion by 2020 A.D. the conventional energy source are depleting and may be exhausted by the beginning of next century. Nuclear energy requires skilled technician and poses the safety as regard to radioactive waste disposal. Solar energy and other non-conventional energy sources are to be utilized in future. Coal has the potential to contribute substantially to the future energy supply. Coal reserves are abundant but taking advantages of them requires an active program of development by both producers and consumer.

Natural gas reserves are large enough to meet projected demand provided the incentives are sufficient to encourage development of extensive and costly intercontinental gas transportation system.

Other than hydroelectric power, renewable resource of energy example solar, wind, wave are unlikely to contribute significant quantities of additional energy during the century at global level although they could be important in particular areas they are likely to become increasingly important in the mid of 〖21〗^th century.

1.4 NEED FOR NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY:

Fuel deposit in the world will soon deplete by the end of 2020. Fuel security will be maximum. Country using petroleum will not have the chance to use petroleum product. Keeping this dangerous situation in mind, we tried to make use of non-polluting natural resource of solar energy.

The creation of new source of perennial is environmental acceptable. Low cost electrical energy as replacement for the energy from rapidly depletion of fossil fuels is the fundamental need for the survival of mankind.

We have oil resource for about 25 Yr. And coal reserves for about 75-100 Yr. Resort to measure the beginning of coal in thermal electric. Power station to service the population would result in global elementary change in leading to worldwide draught and desertification. The hazards of nuclear electric power station are more & huge.

Now electric power beamed directly by microwave for orbiting statuette. Solar power station (s.p.s) provide a cost effective solution every thought many 

Certain have extensive precede work on solar photo voltaic and solar thermal electric energy resources.

Earth based solar power station suffer certain basic limitation. It is not possible to consider such system and meeting continuous uninterrupted concentrated base load electric power requirement.

 

CHAPTER 2

2.1 UTILISATION OF HUMAN POWER

Human power is work or energy that is produced from the human body. It can also refer to the power (rate of work per time) of a human. Power comes primarily from muscles, but body heat is also used to do work like warming shelters, food, or other humans.

World records of power performance by humans are of interest to work planners and work-process engineers. The average level of human power that can be maintained over a certain duration of time, say over the extent of one minute or one hour is interesting to engineers designing work operations in industry. Human power is sometimes used to generate electricity that is stored.

2.1.1 Available Power:

A trained cyclist can produce about 400 watts of mechanical power for an hour or more, but adults of good average fitness average between 50 and 150 watts for an hour of vigorous exercise. A healthy well-fed laborer over the course of an 8-hour work shift can sustain an average output of about 75 watts. The yield of electric power is decreased by the efficiency of the human-powered generator.

While some exercise equipment has been fitted with generators, the amount of energy collected is of low value compared to the cost of the conversion equipment.

2.1.2 HUMAN-POWERED TRANSPORT:

Several forms of transport utilize human power. They include the bicycle, wheelchair, walking, skateboard, wheelbarrow, rowing, skis, and rickshaw. Some forms may utilize more than one person. The historical galley was propelled by freemen or citizens in ancient times, and by slaves captured by pirates in more recent times. The Gossamer Condor was the first human-powered aircraft capable of controlled and sustained flight, making its first flight in 1977. In 2007, Jason Lewis of Expedition 360 became the first person to circumnavigate the globe using only human power: walking, biking, and rollerblading across the landmasses; and swimming, kayaking, rowing, and using a 26-foot-long pedal-powered boat to cross the oceans.

2.1.3 HUMAN-POWERED EQUIPMENTS:

Some equipment uses human power. It may directly use mechanical power from muscles, or a generator may convert energy generated by the body into electrical power.

 

 A mechanically powered flashlight. This uses a linear generator and is charged by shaking along its long axis.

Human-powered equipment describes electrical appliances which can be powered by electricity generated by human muscle power as an alternative to conventional sources of electricity such as primary batteries and the power grid. Such devices contain electrical generators or an induction system to recharge their batteries. Separate crank-operated generators are now available to recharge battery-powered portable electronic devices such as cell phones. Others, such as mechanically powered flashlights, have the generator integrated within the device itself.

An alternative to rechargeable batteries for electricity storage is super capacitors, now being used in some devices such as the mechanically powered flashlight shown here. Devices that store the energy mechanically, rather than electrically, include Clockwork radios with a mainspring which is wound up by a crank and turns a generator to power the radio.

An early example of regular use of human-powered electrical equipment is in early telephone systems; current to ring the remote bell was provided by a subscriber cranking a handle on the telephone, which turned a small magneto generator. Human-powered devices are useful as emergency equipment, when natural disaster, war, or civil disturbance make regular power supplies unavailable. They have also been seen as economical for use in poor countries, where batteries may be expensive and mains power unreliable or unavailable. They are also an environmentally preferable alternative to the use of disposable batteries, which are wasteful source of energy and may introduce heavy metals into the environment

2.1.3.1 Survival radio

The World War II-era "Gibson girl" survival radio used a hand-cranked generator to provide power; this avoided the unreliable performance of dry-cell batteries that might be stored for months before they were needed, although it had the drawback that the survivor had to be fit enough to turn the crank. Survival radios were invented and deployed by both sides during the war. The SCR-578 (and the similar post-war AN/CRT-3) survival radio transmitters carried by aircraft on over-water operations were given the nickname Gibson Girl because of their "hourglass" shape, which allowed them to be held stationary between the legs while the generator handle was turned.

2.1.3.2 Windup radio

A windup radio or clockwork radio is a radio that is powered by human muscle power rather than batteries or the electrical grid. In the most common arrangement, an internal electrical generator is run by a mainspring, which is wound by a hand crank on the case. Turning the crank winds the spring and a full winding will allow several hours of operation. Alternatively, the generator can charge an internal battery.

Radios powered by hand cranked generators are not new, but their market was previously seen as limited to emergency or military organizations. The modern clockwork radio was designed and patented in 1991 by British inventor Trevor Bailys as a response to the AIDS crisis. He envisioned it as a radio for use by poor people in developing countries without access to batteries. In 1994, British accountant Chris Staines and his South African partner, Rory Stear, secured the worldwide license to the invention and cofounded Baygen Power Industries (now Freeplay Energy PLC), which produced the first commercial model. The key to its design was the use of a constant velocity spring to store the potential energy which are no longer in use. After Baylis lost control of his invention when Baygen became Freeplay, the Freeplay Energy units switched to disposable batteries charged by cheaper hand-crank generators.

Like other self-powered equipment, windup radios were intended for camping, emergencies and for areas where there is no electrical grid and replacement batteries are hard to obtain, such as in developing countries or remote settlements. They are also useful where a radio is not used on a regular basis and batteries would deteriorate, such as at a vacation house or cabin.

Windup radios designed for emergency use often included flashlights, blinking emergency lights, and emergency sirens. They also may include multiple alternate power sources such as disposable or rechargeable batteries, auto cigarette lighter plugs, and solar cells.

2.1.3.3 Pedal-powered transmitter

  Pedal radio being used in South Solitary Island, to communicate with Norah Head Lightstation, 1946 the Pedal Radio (or Pedal Wireless) was a radio transmitter-receiver powered by a pedal-driven generator. It was developed by Alfred Traeger in 1929 as a way of providing radio communications to remote homesteads in the Australian outback. There was no mains or generator power available at the time and batteries to provide the power required would have been too expensive. It is considered an important Australian invention.

2.1.4 HUMAN POWER: PEDALING

Pedal power is the transfer of energy from a human source through the use of a foot pedal and crank system. This technology is most commonly used for transportation and has been used to propel bicycles for over a hundred years. Less commonly pedal power is used to power agricultural and hand tools and even to generate electricity. Some applications include pedal powered laptops, pedal powered grinders and pedal powered water wells. Some third world development projects currently transform used bicycles into pedal powered tools for sustainable development. The articles on this page are about the many wonderful applications for pedal power technology.

The power levels that a human being can produce through pedaling depend on how strong the peddler is and on how long he or she to pedal. If the task to be powered will continue for hours at a time, 75 watts mechanical power is generally considered the limit for large, healthy no-athlete. A healthy athletic person of the

Same build might produce up to twice this amount. A person who is smaller and less well nourished, but not till, would produce less; the estimate for such a person

Should probably be 50 watt for the same kind of power production over an extended period. The graph in figure 3 showed various record limits for pedaling under optimum condition. The meaning of these curves is that any point on a curve indicated the maximum time that the appropriate class of person could maintain the given average power level. Fig.1 Human Power Output Pedaling Power levels are also directly related to the environment of the person doing the pedaling. To be able to continue pedaling over an extended period, a person must be able to keep cool whether because the ambient temperature is low enough or because there is adequate breeze.

Fig.1 Human Power Output Pedaling Power

2.1.5 PEDAL POWER USED IN GENETATION OF                     ELECTRICITY: RESULT

A model of the pedal power generator with permanent magnet synchronous generator was built up using MATLAB Simulink shown in figure 4. In this model, 

Turbine and shaft is using as dynamo which is connected to generator, which is connected to load through IGBT based PWM inverter.

A. Results at pedal speed 12 rotations per second

The output results are shown, when pedal speed is 12 rotations per second.

Rotor speed

Fig. 2 Rotor speed at pedal speed 12 rotations per second

Rectifier Voltage

Fig. 3 Rectifier voltage at pedal speed 12 rotations per second

Inverter Voltage

Fig. 4 Inverter voltage at pedal speed 12 rotations per second

Output Voltage

Fig. 5 Voltage output at pedal speed 12 rotations per second

Output Current

Fig. 6 Current output at pedal speed 12 rotations per second

CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Working principle

The working principle of pedal powered centrifugal pump basically involves three process,

The first process involves the pedaling operation in as a source of energy.

The second process involves the running of the centrifugal pump by pedaling power.

The third process involves the supply of water by the pump, which runs on human power.

The pump is driven by means of human power. The power to run the motor is obtained by the pedaling operation.

During this process the output will be less and there is no use of electricity whose production causes pollution. The pump is powered by pedaling operation which is obtained by harnessing human power.

The efficiency and output obtained by running of the pump is mainly depend upon the speed in which the pedaling is performed and the way in which the power is transmitted through the system. 

 

3.2 DESCRIPTION

The existing pumps, centrifugal, reciprocating and farm devices use electricity as fuel for running and for operating them we use manpower. This type of pumps consume 2-3 units of electricity for one hour.

For overcoming this we designed pedal powered centrifugal pump. In this bicycle, pump and belts are used.

The human power a man is converted to mechanical energy by the use of transmission systems. This energy is the source to the system. This power is used to run the pump by the use of belt drives and chain drives. Bicycle frame and pump assembly on the system is easily replaceable and detachable, used for individual purpose.

 

3.3 COMPONENTS

The major components of the pedal powered centrifugal pump are:

3.3.1 Bicycle:

A bicycle often called a bike or cycle is a human powered, pedal driven, single track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind another. A bicycle rider is called a cyclist.

The bicycle is extraordinarily efficient in both biological and mechanical terms. The bicycle is the most efficient human powered means of transportation in terms of energy a person must expend to travel a given distance.

In addition, the carbon dioxide generated in the production and transportation of the food requirements by the bicyclist per mile traveled is less than 1/10 that generated by energy efficient cars.

3.3.1.1 Understanding bicycle spare parts and their functions:

  Bicycles are one of the oldest forms of transportation. Even today millions of people travel by bicycle daily to their work, college, universities and distant places. We are promoted from our childhood days to do cycling as it is one of the easiest ways to keep fit and healthy and works well towards environment protection. They are made of different components that are simple in working. Today there are different types of cycle for different kind of cycling experiences. No matter what type of cycle you choose be it a mountain bike, road bike, hybrid bike or transporting bike basic bicycle spare parts are the same. Following is the description of some cycle parts and their important functions in the cycling-

Wheels – Nobody can imagine a bicycle without wheels. They are indispensable part of the bicycle basic frame. There are usually two wheels in any bicycle and hence the name. Every wheel is made of carbon fiber rim, hub, wire tension spokes and the axle. It also includes a rubber tube filled with air. Nowadays, there is a huge variety of wheel tires in the market.

Cycle Frames – Without the frame it is impossible to construct any bicycle. It is the basic structure on which all the other components are fitted. Different bikes have different types of frame styles. The diamond frame is the latest of all and commonly used in recent models. It includes two types of triangles – a rear triangle and a main triangle.

Brakes – Another important bicycle spare part is its brakes. Some of the most common types of the brakes are disc brake, drum brake, rim brake, etc. They are very crucial part of any cycle as they help in stopping the bike immediately avoiding accidental situations. They are generally applied slowly to stop the high-speed cycle or slow it down. When the rider applies force on the brakes placed at the handle bar it creates friction between the brake pads attached to the rim of the wheels and ultimately slows it down and eventually brings it to a halt.

Pedals - They are attached at the center of the cycle frame and are manually operated by the rider by pushing to increase the speed of the vehicle. They are turned by the rider in continuous motion to gain momentum and reach higher speed. 

Apart from above parts there are front and rear lights, reflectors, ball bearings which are small, but important bicycle spare parts. All these parts can be easily bought online through various e-commerce websites.

3.3.2 Centrifugal Pumps:

A centrifugal pump is one of the simplest pieces of equipment in any process plant. Its purpose is to convert energy of a prime mover (a electric motor or turbine) first into velocity or kinetic energy and then into pressure energy of a fluid that is being pumped. The energy changes occur by virtue of two main parts of the pump, the impeller and the volute or diffuser. The impeller is the rotating part that converts driver energy into the kinetic energy. The volute or diffuser is the stationary part that converts the kinetic energy into pressure energy.

3.3.2.1 Generation of Centrifugal Force

The process liquid enters the suction nozzle and then into eye (center) of a revolving device known as an impeller. When the impeller rotates, it spins the liquid sitting in the cavities between the vanes outward and provides centrifugal acceleration. As liquid leaves the eye of the impeller a low-pressure area is created causing more liquid to flow toward the inlet. Because the impeller blades are curved, the fluid is pushed in a tangential and radial direction by the centrifugal force. This force acting inside the pump is the same one that keeps water inside a bucket that is rotating at the end of a string.

Figure A.01 below depicts a side cross-section of a centrifugal pump indicating the Movement of the liquid.

             

Fig 7 Centrifugal Pump

3.3.2.2 Conversion of Kinetic Energy to Pressure Energy

The key idea is that the energy created by the centrifugal force is kinetic energy. The amount of energy given to the liquid is proportional to the velocity at the edge or vane tip of the impeller. The faster the impeller revolves or the bigger 

the impeller is, then the higher will be the velocity of the liquid at the vane tip and the greater the energy imparted to the liquid. This kinetic energy of a liquid coming out of an impeller is harnessed by creating a resistance to the flow. The first resistance is created by the pump volute (casing) that catches the liquid and slows it down. In the discharge nozzle, the liquid further decelerates and its velocity is converted to pressure according to Bernoulli’s principle. Therefore, the head (pressure in terms of height of liquid) developed is approximately equal to the velocity energy at the periphery of the impeller expressed by the following well-known formula:

H=v^2/2g

Where,

H = total head developed in feet

V = velocity at periphery of impellor in   ft⁄sec

g = acceleration due to gravity in   m⁄sec

3.3.2.3 Components:

Casing

Casings are generally of two types: volute and circular. The impellers are fitted inside the casings.

One of the main purposes of a volute casing is to help balance the hydraulic pressure on the shaft of the pump. However, this occurs best at the manufacturer's recommended capacity. Running volute-style pumps at a lower capacity than the manufacturer recommends can put lateral stress on the shaft of the pump, increasing wear-and-tear on the seals and bearings, and on the shaft itself.

Circular casing have stationary diffusion vanes surrounding the impeller periphery that convert velocity energy to pressure energy. Conventionally, the diffusers are applied to multi-stage pumps.

Suction and Discharge Nozzle

The suction and discharge nozzles are part of the casings itself. They commonly have the following configurations.

End suction/Top discharge- The suction nozzle is located at the end of, and concentric to, the shaft while the discharge nozzle is located at the top of the case perpendicular to the shaft. This pump is always of an overhung type and typically has lower NPSHr because the liquid feeds directly into the impeller eye.

Top suction Top discharge nozzle -The suction and discharge nozzles are located at the top of the case perpendicular to the shaft. This pump can either be an overhung type or between-bearing type but is always a radially split case pump.

Side suction / Side discharge nozzles - The suction and discharge nozzles are located at the sides of the case perpendicular to the shaft. This pump can have either an axially or radially split case type.

Impeller

The impeller is the main rotating part that provides the centrifugal acceleration to the fluid. They are often classified in many ways.

Based on major direction of flow in reference to the axis of rotation

Radial flow

Axial flow

Mixed flow

Based on suction type

Single-suction: Liquid inlet on one side.

Double-suction: Liquid inlet to the impeller symmetrically from both sides.

Based on mechanical construction 

Closed: Shrouds or sidewall enclosing the vanes.

Open: No shrouds or wall to enclose the vanes.

Semi-open or vortex type.

Shaft

The basic purpose of a centrifugal pump shaft is to transmit the torques encountered when starting and during operation while supporting the impeller and other rotating parts. It must do this job with a deflection less than the minimum clearance between the rotating and stationary parts.

 

3.4 Cycle:

An adult cycle with alterations like fixing it to a base for additional support. 

The handle was changed for easy handling.

The back rim is wounded to a belt in order to run the pump.

3.5 Centrifugal pump:

A pump of 2880 RPM speed has been installed.

Its capacity is of 68〖  m〗^3⁄█(hr@ )

 

Fig. 8 Experiment layout

3.6 ASSEMBLY

The PPCP consists of mainly three parts, the first one is centrifugal pump, the second is the bicycle, and the third one is the stand. PPCP consists of a centrifugal pump operated by pedal power. The centrifugal pump is positioned on its stand in such a way that driven shaft of the centrifugal pump is butted to the bicycle wheel. By pedaling the bicycle, the bicycle wheel rotates, thereby rotating the centrifugal pump which in turns discharges water from the sump.

The first step of making PPCP is the preparation of the stand. GI square pipes are made into sufficient pieces and are welded together to get the stand. The stand is then connected with the back wheel of the bicycle. By considering the wheel and rotor shaft space the centrifugal pump is connected with the stand by using the nut and bolts. The suction and delivery pipes are then connected to the suction and delivery ports respectively Manual priming of the centrifugal pump is done next. By pedaling the Rpm of the rotor shaft is measured using tachometer. The flow rate of water is measured by using measuring tank and stop watch.

 

CHAPTER 4

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1 ADVANTAGES

The advantages of using PPCP were investigated experimentally. The main conclusions are listed as follows: 

Pedal Powered Centrifugal Pump (PPCP) which used in small drinking water supply and garden irrigation. 

2)  Pedal powered centrifugal pump is cost effective. It is energy saving. 

3)  PPCP can be used in remote places where electricity is not available. It is designed as a portable one which can be used for irrigation in various places. It can be used as a standby unit. 

4)  Experimental result shows that discharge of about 0.0025m3/sec can be obtained for around 140rpm. 

 

CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

5.1CONCLUSION

The whole study over the topic that the wheel deal bicycle powered water pump is a very advantageous especially for rural areas. The problem of energy crises is very big in India and many rural powered water pump by use of this project we save electricity and get a particular water head and we supply the water in irrigation. We will operate a water pump by using bicycle mechanism in the project and we can fill the water tank of housing power and get construction work. when we drive a bicycle the wheel of bicycle are rotate so we can provide a pulley over the wheel the pulley is mounted on the shaft impeller of impeller of the pump the impeller is rotate due to rotating of wheel with rotation of pulley. So we operate the pump and deliver the water at a particular head this project is installed any of the place where water. Create a simple and efficient way of pumping water utilizing a human powered bicycle for communities where electricity is unavailable or impractical. Isolated community with or without electricity in need of efficient water pumping. Pumps can be adapted to fit individual community needs. It can also be placed in garden, both gardening & cycling can do simultaneously. Operate pump near best efficiency point. Replace old pumps by energy efficient pumps. Reduce system resistance by pressure drop assessment and pipe size optimization. Provide booster pump for few areas of higher head.

REFERENCE

Atul.P.Ganorkar, K.S.Zakiuddin, H.A.Hussain, “An Experiment on Development of Pedal Operated Water Pump”, IOSR, e-ISSN: 2278-1684,(2014). 

Vishal Garg, Neelesh Khandare, Gautam Yadav, “An Experimental Setup and Design of Pedal Powered Water Pump”, International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (Vol.2, Issue.1) (2013).

Ademola Samuel Akinwonmi, Stephen Kwasi Adzimah, Fredrick Oppong, “An       Experiment on Pedal Powered Centrifugal Pump for Purified Water Supply Device” ISDE (Vol.3, No.11) (2012).

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